Down's Syndrome

Down syndrome commonly referred to as `Trisomy 21' is a chromosome abnormality, generally due to an extra copy of the 21st chromosome. This syndrome usually, though not always, results in mental retardation and other conditions.

Down syndrome is a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual development. It is one of the most common genetic birth defects, affecting approximately 1 out of every 660 births, occurring irrespective of race, religion and socio-economic status.

Individuals with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Chromosomes are thread like structures composed of DNA and other proteins. They are present in every cell of the body and carry the genetic information needed for a cell to develop.

Children with Down syndrome have widely recognized characteristic appearances. The head may be smaller than normal and abnormally shaped. They have prominent facial features including slanting eyes, a protruding tongue and a flattened nose. Their hands are generally short and broad with broad fingers. Retardation of growth and development is typical and most affected children never reach average adult height. For more details see FAQs